Harrison Co. Commission Rejects Motion To Remove Statue Of Confederate Gen. Stonewall Jackson

 

Updated Wedneasday, June 17, 2020 at 10:25 p.m.

 

The Harrison County Commission voted Wednesday not to remove a statue of a Confederate general that stands in front of the county courthouse in downtown Clarksburg. Calls for the removal of monuments and markers honoring Confederate figures come amid protests against systemic racism and police brutality.

After an hour and a half of public comment, the Harrison County Commission rejected a motion to remove a statue of Confederate Gen. Stonewall Jackson and return it to the Daughters of Confederacy, the organization that gifted the statue in 1953.

The effort to remove and return the statue failed on a 1-2 vote with David Hinkle supporting the motion. Commission president Ron Watson and Patsy Trecost voted for the monument to remain. 

Gen. Jackson was born in Clarksburg, Virginia in 1824 and before West Virginia became a state, owned six slaves. His name is used to mark other points of interest throughout North Central West Virginia. 

Many who spoke at Wednesday’s meeting said removing the statue would be “erasing history.” Many speakers called for the statue to remain downtown or to put its fate in the hands of the general public.

One speaker, Bill Foster called Gen. Jackson an “old time hero” whose legacy should be preserved. He argued the statue should not be considered offensive, given the racial makeup of those who were attending Wednesday’s meeting to speak about Gen. Jackson’s legacy.

“I’m sorry, but if there’s nobody black here to complain about it, I don’t know what the complaint is,” Foster questioned as he stood in front of the commission. 

Others, like Kenneth Drum, wondered to what end the commission would go to in removing other pieces of history found in the courthouse.

“If we take this statute down, are we’re going to take down every other picture in this building? Because some of them represent the same thing,” Drum said while also calling for the question to be put to a vote of the general public.

 

Some who attended the meeting argued Gen. Jackson should be judged by his more respectable deeds. 

“He owned slaves. He and his wife were given slaves,” George Brown said. “At the same time, they both taught black children in a Presbyterian Sunday school — and it’s said that he and his wife were the ones who started that program.”

Those who spoke in support of removing the statue attempted to point to the historical context under which the statue came to be placed in Clarksburg. As Madison Douglas noted, historical facts point to two spikes in the erection of Confederate monuments — first during the Jim Crow era in the early 1900s and again during the Civil Rights movement in the 1950s and ‘60s. 

“It’s not a natural part of history,” Douglas said. “It was a deliberate choice to erect it in a time when civil rights for black people were advancing and people chose to hold up the Confederacy and, by extension, white supremacy.”

Two speakers who identified themselves as relatives of Gen. Jackson called for the statue to be removed. Colin Grant Jackson, who is originally from Clarksburg but now lives in Illinois, attended Wednesday’s meeting virtually to say that decisions on the statue’s fate would be his “birthright” as much as anyone’s. 

“I personally believe that this statute does not belong in front of a building that is supposed to be devoted to impartial justice,” Colin Grant Jackson said.

He stated that the statue’s placement in Clarksburg — as well as other monuments around the nation around the same time period — indicates that the intended message was to spread fear amongst black people and was motivated by white supremacy. 

“I’m a lifelong Civil War buff and I understand the fascinating history of Jackson and tragedy of the Civil War,” he said. “But I also believe that a heroic statue of his cause in front of the courthouse sends a very specific message of white supremacy against the black population of the county.”

Ryan DeBarr identified himself as a descendant of Gen. Jackson’s grandfather, George Jackson, which makes DeBarr a distant cousin of the Confederate general. He, too, argued that the statue should be removed from downtown. DeBarr said the statue represented an “intentional slap in the face” to Clarksburg, the state of West Virginia and black citizens. 

“What does it say that a memorial to 24,000 Union soldiers from West Virginia was replaced with [a monument of] one Confederate general?” DeBarr questioned. “What does it say that a statue of a Confederate general went up at the very spot that West Virginia statehood began? What does it say that a statue of a slave owner went up in 1953 at the height of the desegregation conflict? It says it’s not really about history.”

Some who expressed a desire to speak during Wednesday’s meeting told West Virginia Public Broadcasting they attempted to phone into the meeting, but were turned away and unable to express their thoughts. Another person who attended the meeting virtually noted they were turned away from attempting to attend in person.  

 

County administrator Willie Parker said security at the courthouse was instructed to maintain social distancing guidelines and limit the amount of in-person attendees at the meeting. Parker said he had no knowledge of anyone being denied access to the meeting virtually or by phone. 

 

In Virginia, Gov. Ralph Northam has called for statues of Confederate generals to be removed from Richmond, although courts have halted some of those removals. In some places, Confederate monuments have been vandalized and or toppled by those protesting racism in the United States. 

 

Friday marks June 19 — or Juneteenth — the anniversary of the date in 1865 when African Americans in Texas were made aware that the Emancipation Proclamation that was declared more than two years earlier. 

 

West Virginia Day, a state holiday celebrating the secession from Virginia and the Confederacy, is Saturday, June 20. 

 

Correction: An earlier version of this article misidentified Ryan DeBarr’s relationship to Gen. Stonewall Jackson. DeBarr is a distant relative of the confederate general, not a direct descendant. The article has been updated to reflect the proper relationship.

 

June 29, 1919: West Virginia State Police Established

The West Virginia State Police was established on June 29, 1919. Governor John Jacob Cornwell had pushed to form the unit in response to the mine wars, which were rocking southern West Virginia. Cornwell had grown frustrated with ineffective sheriffs and constables who had to face reelection and, at the same time, tended to take sides in labor struggles. Also, coal companies were hiring some deputies to serve as private security guards, and coal company guards were being sworn in as deputies—all of which angered miners. The state police came into existence with vocal opposition from labor leaders.

The first state police superintendent was Jackson Arnold, the grand-nephew of ‘‘Stonewall’’ Jackson. Company B was soon dispatched to Williamson—located in the heart of the mine wars. Troopers also helped defend Logan County against armed miners during the Battle of Blair Mountain.

The West Virginia State Police later expanded to include rural law enforcement, traffic safety, a Criminal Investigation Bureau, and a training academy. FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover once lauded the West Virginia State Police as being one of the nation’s four leading law enforcement agencies.

Unpacking Justice's Lake Building Proposal

1/15/19 9:55 a.m. — This story was updated with a statement from the WVDEP.

In his State of the State address to the West Virginia Legislature last week, Gov. Jim Justice laid out a series of policy proposals, including one to develop more lakes across West Virginia.

“It’s something that we need so badly within West Virginia, it’s unbelievable,” Justice said. “We need to develop multiple lakes within West Virginia, multiple lakes that can give us hydroelectric power — which maybe we don’t need, but at the same time, they can give us flood control.”

Water policy watchers and experts said the proposal seemed to come out of the blue, and while it raised important questions about the state’s flood-control preparedness, it also left many questions unanswered.

A spokesman for the governor’s office said the plan is still in development.

West Virginia: Lake Builders

The majority of the more than 120 lakes and ponds in West Virginia are man-made. The 10 largest lakes in the state are dammed impoundments built by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.

Brian Maka, a public affairs officer for the Army Corps Huntington District, said after the 1937 flood caused widespread damage along the Ohio River, Congress authorized the agency to develop ways to reduce future flood damage. That included building floodwalls around many cities and the construction and maintenance of 35 flood-control dams in West Virginia, Ohio and Kentucky.

Constructing dams and their subsequent lakes are massive infrastructure undertakings, which can have major impacts on the landscape, environment and communities in the region.

In the 1940s, about 40 families in the Village of Lilly were pushed off their land along the Bluestone River in Summers County. Many of these families had lived there for more than 200 years. 

Similarly, some residents in Lewis County, although compensated for their homes, were forced to leave when the Corps constructed Stonewall Jackson Lake. Completed in 1990, it is now used for boating and fishing recreation. It also provides flood control for areas downriver of the West Fork River.

“Building lakes and reservoirs in West Virginia is not a bad idea, but it depends on the side of the table that you’re on,” said Jason Hubbart, director of West Virginia University’s Institute for Water Security and Science.

He said being proactive about flood control is an important issue in West Virginia that will only grow in importance given that precipitation rates are increasing. Climate change is expected to further increase rainfall rates and extreme precipitation events in West Virginia.

“There’s plenty of studies that show the benefit of reservoirs, and these types of facilities for attenuating or mitigating flood waves and extreme events,” Hubbart said.

He adds, building reservoirs isn’t the only option for flood control, and developing a new lake, especially a large one, comes with costs beyond just large amount of money involved, including impacts to the state’s rivers and ecosystems.

“One can make equal argument that those rivers those pristine and beautiful river systems create recreation in and of themselves, too,” he said. “So, it’s a really, really complicated topic, really politically-charged topic.”

Red Tape

In the past, much of the lake building done across West Virginia and the country has fallen on the federal government.

In an email, Maka, with the Army Corps Huntington District, said that many elements go into determining the best location for a dam, and construction can take several years. If a hydroelectric plant is installed, that adds another layer of federal permitting.

“To do this, there are a lot of experts and agencies that have to be involved in the evaluation and permitting process,” said Angie Rosser, executive director of the West Virginia Rivers Coalition.

Justice called on the West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection to spearhead his lake development proposal. Rosser said it’s unclear why the governor would task an environmental permitting agency with this effort.

“That’s just not typical for an environmental permitting agency to be the one to shepherd the whole process,” she said.

In addition to being a time-consuming effort, developing one or multiple new lakes would also be costly.

The dam that was built to create the largest lake in the state, Summersville Lake, cost the Corps nearly $48 million in the 1960s, which adjusted for inflation is about $373 million today.

Justice said he wants DEP to secure money from a federal infrastructure package, which the White House has yet to propose.

In an emailed statement, DEP spokesman Jake Glance said following the State of the State, DEP Secretary Austin Caperton “met with top staff to begin outlining the steps necessary to carry out the Governor’s plan as it relates to creating lakes and developing recreational opportunities in West Virginia.”

“WVDEP has the staff and data to perform the kind of detailed analysis that is required to determine the areas of the state that are viable candidates for this type of project,” Caperton said. “WVDEP welcomes the opportunity to provide the resources in support of the Governor’s vision of increased tourism and recreational lake development in West Virginia.”

Building an ‘Ocean’?

In Justice’s pitch to the state Legislature, he said developing new lakes could boost tourism.

“Do you know if you step back and think about it, four of the most beautiful seasons in the world, the most incredible people on the planet, the most unbelievable natural resources, and we’re located within 600 miles of two-thirds of the people in the country,” he said. “The only thing we don’t have is an ocean.”

John McCoy covers the outdoors for the Charleston Gazette-Mail. When he heard Justice’s proposal, he immediately thought back to a 2017 bill introduced by two southern West Virginia lawmakers.

It called for the creation of a 50,000-acre lake in the coalfields akin to the 20,600-acre Smith Mountain Lake, near Roanoke, Virginia, which has turned the area into a tourism mecca.

To put this idea into perspective, West Virginia’s largest lake, Summersville, is a modest 2,700 acres.

“I don’t know if it’s physically possible, because to build a lake that big, just looking at a topographic map of the southern part of West Virginia, we don’t have that ridge and valley province down there,” McCoy said.

McCoy wrote a column about the proposal asking some tough questions, including where a mega-lake could be built that wouldn’t displace thousands of people. In the southern part of the state, valleys are narrow and coal mines dot the subsurface like honeycomb.

McCoy stresses he isn’t an engineer, just a southern West Virginia native and reporter who has lived here a long time, but he struggles to see how at least that part of the state could support a mega-lake.

“I can’t imagine the costs just in real estate and human capital,” he said.

Editor’s Note: A previous version of the audio story incorrectly stated that the last lake built in West Virginia was Summersville Lake. The last lake constructed was Stonewall Jackson Lake.

November 3, 1828: Birthday of Surveyor-Geologist Jedediah Hotchkiss

Jedediah Hotchkiss was born in Windsor, New York, on November 3, 1828. He also developed an interest in geology and surveying while teaching school in Augusta County, Virginia. When the Civil War broke out, Hotchkiss enlisted in the Confederate army and used his mapmaking skills to help “Stonewall” Jackson’s brilliant Shenandoah Valley Campaign.

September 14, 1862: Confederate Artillery Launches Opening Barrage in Battle of Harpers Ferry

On September 14, 1862, Confederate artillery launched the opening barrage in the Battle of Harpers Ferry, initiating perhaps the most important Civil War conflict in present West Virginia.

Harpers Ferry was key to Confederate Commander Robert E. Lee’s strategy in invading Maryland. Union forces stationed at Harpers Ferry stood in the way of Lee’s supply line. Lee dispatched “Stonewall” Jackson to capture Martinsburg, which fell without a shot, and then take Harpers Ferry.

Jackson positioned his artillery on mountain heights that towered above Harpers Ferry. Union commander Dixon Miles had haphazardly allowed his troops to be trapped in a bowl in the middle of the heights. By the next morning, Jackson had pounded the Union garrison into submission. Miles was killed by a blast shortly after the surrender.

Jackson’s capture of nearly 13,000 Union forces was the largest surrender of a Northern army during the Civil War and the third largest surrender of a United States army in history.

Two days later, Confederate troops arrived from Harpers Ferry just in time to save the day for Robert E. Lee in the waning moments of the Battle of Antietam.

Sept. 14, 1862 – Confederate Artillery Launches Opening Barrage in Battle of Harpers Ferry

On September 14, 1862, Confederate artillery launched the opening barrage in the Battle of Harpers Ferry, initiating perhaps the most important Civil War conflict in present West Virginia.

Harpers Ferry was key to Confederate Commander Robert E. Lee’s strategy in invading Maryland. Union forces stationed at Harpers Ferry stood in the way of Lee’s supply line. Lee dispatched “Stonewall” Jackson to capture Martinsburg, which fell without a shot, and then take Harpers Ferry.

Jackson positioned his artillery on mountain heights that towered above Harpers Ferry. Union commander Dixon Miles had haphazardly allowed his troops to be trapped in a bowl in the middle of the heights. By the next morning, Jackson had pounded the Union garrison into submission. Miles was killed by a blast shortly after the surrender.

Jackson’s capture of nearly 13,000 Union forces was the largest surrender of a Northern army during the Civil War and the third largest surrender of a United States army in history.

Two days later, Confederate troops arrived from Harpers Ferry just in time to save the day for Robert E. Lee in the waning moments of the Battle of Antietam.

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