Lawmakers Discuss Informed Consent Abortion

A bill moved through the Senate Health and Human Resources Committee on Thursday that would require medical professionals to educate someone granted an abortion in West Virginia about possible risks.

A bill moved through the Senate Health and Human Resources Committee on Thursday that would require medical professionals to educate someone granted an abortion in West Virginia about possible risks.

Abortion is banned in West Virginia with exceptions for rape, incest, or to save a pregnant person’s life.

Senate Bill 352 requires physicians to offer those who are granted an abortion in West Virginia an ultrasound and information on the gestational age of the fetus or embryo and possible risks associated with the procedure.

The bill states that consent is only voluntary and informed if the licensed medical professional informs the patient of the medical risks associated with the particular abortion procedure including the possibility of infection, hemorrhage, danger to subsequent pregnancies, infertility and reversal. 

Physicians would also be required to educate patients on options for perinatal hospice services if they carry a non-viable pregnancy to term.

Sen. Patricia Rucker, a R-Jefferson,  said the bill does not further restrict abortion in West Virginia.

“What this does is ensure women have informed decisions, and information to make decisions under the limited circumstances we allow,” Rucker said.

The committee substitute for Senate Bill 352, Modifying the Unborn Child Protection Act, passed the committee and goes to the full Senate floor for consideration.

Lawmakers Move To Clarify W.Va. Abortion Ban

Senate Bill 552 replaces language that referenced “physician” and replaced it with “licensed medical professional.” It also includes language that would revoke a licensed medical professional’s license if they willingly violate the bill by performing an abortion outside of the parameters set in the bill.

A bill lawmakers are calling the Women’s Right to Know Act passed the Senate and now heads to the House for their consideration.

Amid a flurry of lawmaking on crossover day, the last day for a bill to pass out of its originating chamber, the Senate passed a bill to provide women with information and support to provide informed consent for abortions.

Sen. Mike Maroney, R-Marshall, explained Senate Bill 552 on the Senate floor.

“In the case of a female seeking an abortion of a nonviable embryo, or fetus, the bill provides information that is made available,” Maroney said. “The bill also provides a 24-hour telephone number that shall be established by DHHR to maximize public awareness of its existence, which may be called to obtain a list and description of agencies in the locality of the caller of the services that are offered.”

The bill faced some debate from Sen. Mike Caputo, D-Marion, who questioned the logistics of the bill and its validity given GenBioPro, a manufacturer of generic mifepristone, commonly known as an abortion pill, is suing in federal court to invalidate West Virginia’s medication abortion ban.

Maroney said prescribers in West Virginia have to hold “a special license” to prescribe mifepristone and said no one is prescribing the drug in the state. In regards to the lawsuit, Maroney said he had no comment on the pending court case.

“We don’t really have a comment on the pending court case,” Maroney said. “I do believe this was constructed in a way to try to not affect any impending or any pending litigation.”

Caputo asked if the West Virginia Department of Health and Human Resources would operate the bill’s 24-hour hotline, and how that might play out given the current legislation awaiting Gov. Jim Justice’s signature that would restructure the department into four separate bureaus.

Maroney said the hotline would fall under the purview of the new Bureau of Public Health.

Caputo continued his questioning of Senate Bill 552, asking if the Senate Committee on Health and Human Resources had consulted with physicians about the language of the bill.

“I know you’re a physician, very well respected, and I respect you immensely, you know that,” Caputo said. “Have you had any conversations with OBGYN in regard to this legislation? And I’d like to know if you did, what their thoughts were on this?”

“Yes. I mean briefly, mostly during the special session, more so than this, this bill. Their thoughts are they’re going to abide by the law, whatever that law is. And they just tried to guide us to make sure that our bill was at least as close as possible to allowing them to perform this standard of care,” Maroney said. “I didn’t ask him for their input. I did ask him, and they were the ones that told me about no one in the state is prescribing them mifepristone.”

Senate Bill 552 replaces language that referenced “physician” and replaced it with “licensed medical professional.” It also includes language that would revoke a licensed medical professional’s license if they willingly violate the bill by performing an abortion outside of the parameters set in the bill.

Finally, the bill provides for perinatal hospice service, something Caputo asked for a definition of. Maroney answered that support would be provided for comfort measures to help people deal with the loss of a child.

After debate on the bill, Sen. Patricia Rucker, R-Jefferson, stood in support and spoke in favor of Senate Bill 552 and clarified the discussion around perinatal hospice service allowed for in the bill.

“This law, the Women’s Right to Know Act, and all of the criteria set here in terms of making sure a woman has information when she’s making a decision as to whether or not to abort, making certain she has access to perinatal hospice services, which is counseling, and essentially support and help, there are times in which even a child who they say cannot live outside the womb does live, maybe for one hour, maybe for a day, but it does happen,” Rucker said.

She said the bill is already law in West Virginia, referencing House Bill 302, the state’s near-total abortion ban passed in 2022.

“We are reinserting it because when we passed our law in September, this inadvertently got left out. And yes, we do prohibit, in the state of West Virginia, abortions except for cases of rape and incest, and if the fetus is basically not viable. If it’s an ectopic pregnancy, that’s not considered an abortion,” Rucker said. “But the point being, even in those cases of rape and incest, a woman should have all the information and support and services, even in the cases where the fetus is not viable, a woman should be wrapped around with support information.”

Senate Bill 552 passed with 31 voting yea, two nays, and one absent.

W.Va. Faces Shortage Of OB-GYNs And Places For Them To Work

Only 18 of the state's 55 counties have hospital birthing centers.

In 2015, Nicole Nichols was pregnant with her third, a little girl. It was a pregnancy with multiple high-risk complications.

At the time, she lived in Looneyville, a small community in rural Roane County and about 19 miles from the county’s hospital. But that year and into the next, she had to drive to a hospital in Charleston for checkups, which is an hour each way.

She scheduled visits around her other kids’ school schedules, and she didn’t always have a reliable vehicle to travel while her husband worked out of town.

I had to go just about every week. Toward the end I had to go two to three times a week for regular non stress tests because I had a pretty rough pregnancy with her,” Nichols, 31, said.

West Virginia is facing a shortage of obstetricians and places for them to work. Only 18 of its 55 counties have hospital birthing centers.

Roane County is located in the center of the state, an area that is a desert for OB-GYNs. Its local hospital once had a labor and delivery unit but it closed in 2006 due to declining use.

Nicole Nichols
/
Courtesy
Nicole Nichols, 31, and her 6-year-old daughter.

Nichols went into early labor multiple times, which includes risks for mom and baby.

“I was in full panic mode in labor very early and scared I was going to lose her,” she said. “That really put her at risk having to travel an hour and an hour and a half to get that labor stopped … had I not made it there in time I don’t know where she would be.”

West Virginia has 20 birthing hospitals after St. Mary’s Hospital in Huntington closed its labor and delivery unit earlier this month. The state has one freestanding birth center.

Nationwide and in the state, births saw a slight increase in 2021 for the first time in seven years, but the overall drop in births coupled with West Virginia’s aging and declining population have made it difficult to sustain birthing centers.

The shortage means there’s a declining number of places for OB-GYNs to work, and this all leads to poorer outcomes for mothers and babies, according to Dr. Angela Cherry. She’s a family medicine physician in Harpers Ferry.

“If there’s not a birthing center there, moms are having to drive more than 30 minutes to a birthing center, which may limit the care they receive even prior to delivery,” Cherry said. “There is an increased risk of having more complications … if they have less prenatal care.”

Cherry said that while telehealth could help fill in the gaps for prenatal care, the state’s internet gaps keep it from being an option for all pregnant women.

West Virginia has some of the country’s worst birthing outcomes, including its rate of infant deaths and preterm births, which can cause a number of serious complications like breathing problems or heart issues.

The state is also having an increase of mothers dying in childbirth, which is connected to the state’s drug epidemic.

“What we’ve seen is those women are just not getting care,” she said.

Cherry presented these concerns to lawmakers in November during legislative interim meetings.

West Virginia isn’t the only state struggling; there’s a national shortage of OB-GYNs.

Cherry said the state’s rural towns struggle to attract OB-GYNs because they’re too far from hospitals and lack local economy. West Virginia University School of Medicine offers a fellowship program that trains family medicine doctors to perform cesarean deliveries, or C-sections, in rural areas that don’t have a birthing hospital and increase obstetrical care. But, Cherry said the program has struggled to place program graduates in West Virginia towns, and those doctors choose to practice in rural communities in other states.

The state could also struggle to recruit OB-GYNs following its recent abortion law, which is one of the most restrictive abortion bans in the country.

Nationally, doctors and a health care recruiting firm have said states with restrictive abortion measures have trouble recruiting OB-GYNs because doctors fear they could be prosecuted for health care decisions.

State Sen. Hannah Geffert, D-Berkeley, said her area is struggling to recruit OB-GYNs. During a presentation on maternal health, she asked Dr. David Didden with the state Office of Maternal, Child and Family Health if the abortion law would further impact recruitment.

Didden responded, “I think we can send the message that we are in support of reproductive health for women, and that this is a promising place to come and practice medicine. But, it’s a tough sell and it’s not just in medicine … We are going to continue to establish best practices and standards of care, and I hope we’ll be able to convince more providers that this is a good place to practice medicine.”

Nichols’ daughter is now six years old and thriving, and the family has moved from Roane County.

She hopes state leaders will focus on bringing OB-GYNs to rural areas as she knows other mothers from Roane who have struggled to get necessary appointments for mother and baby due to travel distance, money and transportation challenges.

“For people who can’t get to Charleston, it’s a lot easier for them to find a ride that’s 10 to 20 minutes compared to an hour or hour and half,” Nichols said.

Voter Registration Push Has Overriding Themes

For some, the push to boost West Virginia voter registration has an overriding theme. What’s consistent is that all involved want to see informed voters going to polling places in November.

For some, the push to boost West Virginia voter registration has an overriding theme. What’s consistent is that all involved want to see informed voters going to polling places in November.

Tucker County Clerk Sherry Simmons proudly said with a population of about 6,800, and more than 5,000 registered to vote, Tucker County led the state in the primaries with a 48 percent turnout. Simmons said that’s because in this tight-knit rural county, they do it right.

“We have very dedicated citizens that registered to vote and change their addresses and change their party affiliation,” Simmons said. “We are active with our school system and we work with our teachers. Everybody does everything right in Tucker County.”

Working hard on voter registration, Secretary of State Mac Warner said informed voters will have more clout this election.

“We never tell people how to vote, but we do want people to be educated on the issues,” Warner said. “This is an off year election, a midterm election, so you usually don’t have the turnout that you would in a presidential year. If you do vote, your vote is going to have more of a proportional impact, you’re going to have a larger say.”

Do Simmons and Warner think the recent abortion legislation passed into law will prompt more West Virginia women to register and vote?

“That is their personal opinion. I feel that, yes, it could,” Simmons said.

“I think there’s some indication of that,” Warner said.

Del. Danielle Walker, D-Monongalia, is taking Secretary Warner’s advice to heart. The vice-chair of the West Virginia Democratic Party is up for re-election, but said she’s spending her campaign time getting people registered to vote.

“We have to channel our outrage due to the impeachment of reproductive freedom. And so we’re doing that by taking an opportunity to tell folks you have a chance to make a difference,” Walker said. “Your voice matters, Your vote matters, and every election matters.”

Walker said it’s not about more women expected to register and vote. She calls it the Roevember election.

“This is not just a women’s issue. This is a human rights issue. And we have to include every person,” Walker said. “There’s males that are upset about this deal. And there’s also non-binary and trans folks that we must not exclude out of this conversation. So everybody is going to stroll to the polls in November.”

Putnam County Clerk Brian Wood, president of the West Virginia County Clerk’s Association, had a caution for campaign candidates.

“Be on your best behavior, give respect to voters, allow privacy in their space,” Wood said. “Obviously with politics you want to get your message out, we understand that. We just want to make sure you understand where that line is at, so there’s no voter intimidation.”

Wood said clerk’s office staffers and poll workers don’t want to influence election outcomes one way or another. He agreed that all involved want informed voters casting ballots.

Justice Signs Abortion Bill Into Law

Gov. Jim Justice has signed House Bill 302 into law, a measure banning abortions, with limited exceptions, in West Virginia.

Updated Sept. 16 at 3 p.m.

Gov. Jim Justice has signed House Bill 302 into law, a measure banning abortions, with limited exceptions, in West Virginia.

In his Friday coronavirus briefing, Justice called the signed bill the “protect life” law. He said he wanted the legislature to bring him a bill that contained “reasonable and logical” exceptions.

The law outlaws abortions in West Virginia except in cases when the mother’s life is in danger, or instances of rape and incest that are reported to law enforcement in a timely manner. Any abortion performed must be done so in a hospital within eight weeks for adults and 14 weeks for minors.

“I believe wholeheartedly that it does one thing that is absolutely so important,’ Justice said. “It does protect life.”

When the U.S. Supreme Court struck down Roe v. Wade, it turned abortion legislation back to the states.

West Virginia had a law on the books banning abortion since before it became a state. The original code was enacted in 1849. The state’s lone abortion clinic, the Women’s Health Center of West Virginia, joined a group of reproductive rights activists in quickly filing suit to have that 19th century law enjoined. They said subsequent laws passed addressing abortion exeptions made the old law moot.

Shortly after the federal ruling, state Attorney General Patrick Morrisey issued an opinion on the status of that law.

Morrisey’s opinion stated:

Enacted in 1849 and never repealed since, West Virginia Code § 61-2-8 provides that “[a]ny person who shall administer to, or cause to be taken by, a woman, any drug or other thing, or use any means, with intent to destroy her unborn child, or to produce abortion or miscarriage, and shall thereby destroy such child, or produce such abortion or miscarriage,” commits a felony punishable by three to ten years in prison.

The statute covers persons who perform abortions and, at least arguably, women who seek them. The West Virginia statute may “spring back to life” and “regain [its] vitality.”

Challengers have already filed a suit to enjoin this law in Kanawha County Circuit Court.

They argue that the statute has been impliedly repealed, that the doctrine of desuetude applies given the lack of recent enforcement, and that the provisions are unconstitutionally vague. Assuredly, we have strong arguments against this challenge. But the statute would still benefit from the Legislature’s further attention.

On July 18, 2022, a Kanawha County judge granted an injunction denying enforcement of the 19th century law banning abortions. Following the ruling, the Woman’s Health Center of West Virginia announced publicly it would return to providing reproductive health care that includes abortions.

Morrisey appealed the court decision; that case is still pending. Morrisey said the statute would benefit from the legislature’s attention. Justice called the legislature into special session in late July to take up abortion legislation clarification. A bill was introduced and heated debate ensued on the House and Senate floors. The noise from public protests outside the chambers spilled into the Senate gallery. Capitol Police threatened arrests and the loud and angry gallery was cleared by Senate President Craig Blair. The legislature could come to no consensus and adjourned

On September 13, the West Virginia Legislature reconvened in that special session and passed House Bill 302, outlawing abortion in West Virginia, with limited exceptions.

The Senate passed the bill by a vote of 22 to 7 with 5 members absent. The bill then moved to the House of Delegates, which passed it by a vote of 77 to 17 with six members absent. In instances of legal abortion, the procedure is limited to M.D.s and Doctors of Osteopathic Medicine. Doctors who perform an abortion as part of a medical emergency would not be penalized.

There will be no felony penalties for doctors or pregnant women, but the law would make it a felony for anyone who performs an abortion who is not a licensed professional.

Justice said the bulk of the new abortion law is effective from passage. He said any criminal penalties contained in the law will take effect 90 days from Sept. 16, 2022.

West Virginia is the 2nd state, after Indiana, to pass a ban on abortion since the U.S. Supreme Court reversed Roe v. Wade in June.

New Law Banning Abortion In W.Va. Prompts Strong Reaction

Following West Virginia’s ban on abortion with few exceptions Tuesday, strong reaction has been pouring in on both sides of the contentious issue.

Following West Virginia’s ban on abortion with few exceptions Tuesday, strong reaction has been pouring in on both sides of the contentious issue.

West Virginia’s new ban on abortion will take effect as soon as Gov. Jim Justice signs the bill into law – which is expected imminently.

House Bill 302 replaces a 19th century state law and outlaws abortion. The bill
which passed on a vote of 77-17 with 6 absent, includes exceptions for certain severe fetal anomalies, medical emergencies, and non-viable fetuses.

There’s also provision for pregnancies resulting from rape or incest. The abortion must be performed in a hospital within eight weeks for adults and 14 weeks for minors – but only in cases reported to law enforcement.

Reacting to the ban, Margaret Pomponio with West Virginia Free said she doesn’t consider the exceptions as valid.

“We know that two thirds or more of rape victims and survivors do not report to police and for victims of incest it’s even higher,” she said.

Pomponio said they will continue their work to encourage the large-scale mobilization of voters to elect leaders who will fight for women’s rights. She said the ban showcases a deep disparity based on where people live. She said people should not be denied access to health care based on how much money they make, or their zip code.

“I think there’s a reason why there’s a new term exploding around the country, which is ROEvember. Abortion rights are on the ballot everywhere,” Pomponio said.

She added that she believes the Biden administration is filling in a gap that fanatical legislators are creating for people around the country.

Sen. Mark Maynard, R-Wayne, said the bill was a compromise but he believes it was the best that they could do under the circumstances.

Well H.B. 302 wasn’t as strong as I’d like but I feel it will save some of the unborn,” he said. “Rape and incest is a terrible situation but I feel like sometimes we’re playing God when we say you can kill these babies but you can’t kill these.”

Maynard said he was proud that West Virginia stepped up to take on the challenge of passing the abortion bill.

“I am happy that we got it through and hopefully we can save some babies lives,” Maynard said.

Childhood rape survivor Roni Jones was at the Capitol Monday for a protest outside the governors mansion the night before the legislature’s decision.

“For a state that’s always been known as a blue state we are incredibly red now and extremely conservative, and they’ve brought their religion into our state house,” she said.

Under the new law, any licensed abortion provider in West Virginia who terminates a pregnancy not covered by one of these exceptions could lose their medical license.

Co-Chair of the White House Gender Policy Council Jennifer Klein talked to WVPB Wednesday about the new ban on abortion in West Virginia.

“It’s obviously an extreme restriction on the right to seek an abortion and to get medical services and wildly out of step with what the vast majority of Americans believe they should be able to do which is to have autonomy to make decisions about their own bodies,” she said.

Klein said as much as the ban was anticipated, there are many people who were born after Roe Vs. Wade who she said cannot imagine a world without being able to exercise their right to make decisions about their own bodies.

“As Justice Thomas made clear, this has implications for other rights, to get access to contraception,” Klein said. “It’s out of step, and for young people in particular, I think it is a pretty shocking situation we are finding ourselves in now.”

Margaret Pomponio with West Virginia Free agreed with Klein that the younger generation will be the hardest hit. She said the ban will prompt more young people to leave the state.

“Certainly we’re going to see young people choosing not to return if they are going to school out of state, or work out of state, and had eventually hoped to move back home to be close to family and raise their own families,” she said.

Klein said the Biden administration will continue to fight for women. She said women who find themselves in a desperate situation and need an abortion still have some options. She cited the recent launch of a website by the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) called reproductiverights.gov. The website provides detailed information and links to access legal services in a person’s home state or in another state.

Klein said states have flexibility with their own funds. She said the Secretary of Health and Human Services and the Administrator for the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid recently issued a letter to governors encouraging them to apply for waivers under Medicaid. The waiver would allow applicable states to use Medicaid to pay for legal abortion services for non citizens. That’s if the state wishes to participate and if a waiver is approved. No federal funds can be used for abortions except for the life of the mother in the case of rape or incest.

However, some states may hit back. Texas recently filed a lawsuit against the Biden administration’s requirement that doctors nationwide provide abortions in emergency situations or risk the loss of their Medicare funding.

For Planned Parenthood South Atlantic Community Organizer, Ixya Vega, the ban is an attempt to exert control over women.

“It’s not about fetuses, it’s not about babies, it’s about control and taking control from people’s body’s. There’s so many restrictions when it comes to people who identify as women and people who can have babies but there’s no added restrictions or support from male counterparts,” she said.

The Women’s Health Center of West Virginia issued their own statement Wednesday saying while the center will no longer be able to offer abortion services, the center will remain open. Communications Director Kaylen Barker said health services for women, including annual exams, birth control, cancer screenings, family planning, gender affirming hormone therapy, pregnancy and parenting support will still be available.

Exit mobile version